User Reviews

A good film with lots of action and a decent storyline. In a very similar vein to the previous three films, although set some time later, the film is well acted and directed throughout. The film wraps up several loose ends and introduces some new material. All in all, well worth a watch. I'd watch it again!

it's good for one time, but I don't understand why they made this movie if everything was already said in the previous parts

Potansiyeli olan ama pek kullanılamamış bir yapım. Ortalama olduğunu söyleyebilirim. Karar sizin.

A solid movie. But there are so many unrealistic parts, that it detracts from the movie's overall entertainment value. Solid screenwriting. Solid acting. Solid casting choices except Riz Ahmed. And sadly, it's partially filmed in Vegas, the trashiest place on earth. An overused cliche set for wanting to look cool. A place more fake than the concrete forms the Venetian used to build every part of their facade. Directors and screenwriters need to avoid this place at all costs.

[SPOILER ALERT: This review contains spoilers.]

Not as good as the others. Still a pretty action packed movie. Jason Bourne is doing what Jason Bourne does in his movies. He's invisible and kicks whoever dares to mess with him butte.

This is a spy based action/thriller film with themes covered including hacking, chases, casinos and cover ups. This is the 5th in the series of Jason Bourne films, sometimes referred to as Americas James Bond equivalent (although you may be mistaken from presuming its the first due to the titular name). Within the first few scenes, it reminded me quite a lot of the US drama show 24, being fast paced, featuring seemingly complicated IT systems being hacked in to, with various different cities in different parts of the world being focussed on and so on. There is some quite jerky camerawork featured from relatively early on, as if whoever was filming the scenes were a bit nervous or trepidatious - I found it a bit disorientating at times. Plot wise, its quite fast paced and it felt rather volatile, in terms of what was happening on the ground (as it were) and what might be to come, due to those 'behind the scenes' second guessing what may take place. If you haven't seen the previous Jason Bourne films then I'd compare it to a mix of the Mission:Impossible films and James Bond films. Also, og course you may be a bit confused about the character and obviously the back story. I've seen the first 3 but im not sure if I saw the previous film to this one, yet I still enjoyed it, appreciating the visual effects and the general tense and fast paced atmosphere and tone this film carries. I thought the plot was quite intriguing, with us (the viewer) finding out a little more about the main character, while wanting things to work out well for him. I imagine that these days there will be many people who potentially wonder what large organisations may have on file about some people (the age of paranoia? or is it? food for thought), so (at a bit of a stretch, I should say) perhaps it is somewhat relevant. As the plot develops, it became more gripping and there were some plot twists I didn't see coming. The music present in the film is quite sombre in tone, sombre and slightly spooky, edgy sounding, so typical fare for a US spy film I'd say. There is certainly an element (if not a general feeling) of blink and you'll miss it, during the faster paced action scenes. Overall, I felt it was a film of second guessing and it was quite an engrossing and engaging one at that, for the majority of it. The camerawork won't suit all but for what it is, its most certainly not bad. It isn't 100% original and it did feel a little long, probably about half an hour longer than it maybe needed to be (running time wise) but for the most part I felt it to be quite watchable and engrossing. I felt the same for the Oceans films, so maybe that might help you judge if you'd find it too long or not(?) I'll leave that for you to decide. Yes I'd recommend this film, as a good American spy action thriller film. It features some unoriginal elements to the plot but it also has one or two decent plot twists and a good cast and I found myself feeling quite engrossed and entertained by it generally speaking, so I'd recommend it on that basis, although it is somewhat long winded.

After "Legacy" it was, I believe, mandatory to change course... it was time for the "Bourne" franchise to get back on course and get some quality back. For this, they called back Paul Greengrass who, this time, ensures the direction and script. The film is not brilliant, however it manages to fulfill the expectations of the audience, although Greengrass has lost its freshness and intensity, offering us a listless and tiring effort. The script begins with Nicky Parsons' attempt to publicly expose various CIA operations. She contacts Jason Bourne, who tries to dissuade her from doing so. The CIA, however, was following in her wake, and it didn't take much for them to suspect Bourne's intentions and attitudes, and go back to hunting him, as they had done before. From there, what the film gives us is more than what we've seen in other films in the franchise. The script, however, seemed simpler and more direct in the way it presents itself, without the twists and subtleties that previous films sometimes had. Another thing that needs to be said: in this film, the tension and suspense are not as palpable as in previous films. That, in fact, is something I regret, it would have made the film work better. To the delight of many, and after his disappearance in the previous film, Matt Damon is back to the main role, one of the most important roles in his acting career. He is impeccable and perfectly at ease with the work and material. However, I've felt several times that the rest of the cast doesn't have the material or time to partner with him. Vincent Cassell, for example, is an excellent actor and is very good at this kind of characters, but his character is basic, merely a sketch, and the actor doesn't do much because he doesn't have much to do here. Tommy Lee Jones also has reasons not to miss this movie. Equally talented and competent for action characters (who doesn't remember his performance in "The Fugitive" a few decades ago?), he simply hasn't received decent material and his character is underdeveloped. Alicia Vikander appears just to give a feminine touch to a movie full of testosterone. On a technical level, this film manages to maintain the quality standards of previous films in this franchise. It features beautiful cinematography and satisfying camera work, despite a little overuse of the handheld, with those blurry images. It knew how to make the best use of the filming locations, carefully chosen, and the effects of light and shadow. The editing work leaves something to be desired, giving the film an uneven pace, with scenes that take too long for no apparent reason. As in other films in the franchise, the strong technical bet is the special, visual and sound effects used in the action scenes. Everything is done with great rigor and gives the film a pleasant feeling of realism.

[SPOILER ALERT: This review contains spoilers.]

Phew, glad that's over. The Bourne franchise is the epitome of mediocre action movies of the 00s The Damon lead movies are a copy of a copy of a copy, he just gets older and more detached looking. There's nothing redeeming about this movie, Damon is not an action star. Vikander is completely miscast and implausible in her role and shoehorning another antagonist into the franchise, as great as Tommy Lee Jones is, wasn't the best idea. It would've been interesting if they could have cast someone else in the lead.

For Bourne fans, this is another very good Bourne film, though the series is definitely getting a bit tired.

!! Médaille Argent !! Jason Bourne Le retour de Matt Damon est très bon, mais surement son dernier On retrouve tous ce que faisait un bon Jason Bourne Une intrigue, de l'action, une fin Aux niveaux de l'intrigue j'ai trouvé décousu. De belles scènes d'action, mais la dernière est un peut .. de trop (Camion muni du cheat code invincibilité pour s'arrêter dans des machines à sous ...) Une fin avec la musique que l'on aime bref un film qui faites correctement la fin des vacances

It's pretty good, but not that noteworthy. It's nice to see Matt Damon back, who handles the without any issues. Decent action sequences but nothing stands out in the end besides Alicia Vikander's extremely awkward accent.

It's been 10 years since Jason Bourne (Matt Damon) walked away from the agency that trained him to become a deadly weapon. Hoping to draw him out of the shadows, CIA director Robert Dewey assigns hacker and counterinsurgency expert Heather Lee to find him. Lee suspects that former operative Nicky Parsons is also looking for him. As she begins tracking the duo, Bourne finds himself back in action battling a sinister network that utilizes terror and technology to maintain unchecked power. Jason Bourne delivers fans of the franchise more of what they've come to expect -- which is this sequel's biggest selling point as well as its greatest flaw. I'll give Jason Bourne a B.

Jason Bourne sees Matt Damon returning to franchise in just over 9 years and this film wasn't worth the wait because while it's not terrible this film has loads of issues which people should know before watching it. The action isn't as good as any of previous Matt Damon Bourne films, and the action in this film is almost to cartoonish to fit in the Bourne trilogy and what we have seen prior this film. There is a plot line about an app which only sets up the finale, but is more of a distraction to the film than anything else. This film has nothing which makes it great compared to other the other films in series and this film is a big disappointment. There are some things I like about this film though, I think the film has some excellent pacing and some great tension, and this respect it feels like a Bourne film. The other thing I like is that the actors do very well with the poor writing which they are given. If any more Bourne films are made by Paul Greengrass and Matt Damon return to this series, I would also like writer Tony Gilroy to return because I think the Bourne films should have a better writer to make a better film.

Why to do continuation of the trilogy if there is nothing to tell new? The movie completely will make of the ideas and scenes of self-repetition. Despite excellent cast, the movie it is felt as crumpled chewing gum. And even to watch a scene action already not so fascinatingly.

I thought it was ok. Not as impressive as the previous films in my opinion.

The Bourne films got progressively worse and worse, at least in my book. I love the first one and really enjoy the second, the third had some decent action scenes, but not much I haven't seen before in the previous movies, shot and edited in an extremely nausiating way. This film didn't bring anything new or interesting to the table, it's just an okay conventional action movie, not exactly deserving to be part of the franchise. It's very disposable.

This movie tries too hard and treats its audience like they're a bunch of idiots. Carefully spelling most things out for the viewer and dumbing down everything else. The hacker stuff reminds me of the 1995 Angelina Jolie classic (in a ridiculous bad way) "Hacker". The depictions of technology being often incorrect and outright laughable. The movie is entertaining in parts, but ceaselessly falls on its face as it tries to be too intense. Too dramatic. And as for the non-stop always moving camera, its past the point of getting old, its annoying and disruptive. Find a freakin tripod. Put the camera on it. And just step away! Just for a few seconds, please!! And then there's the casting of the young smart hacker CIA agent. This is a move straight out of a Michael Bay playbook. Alicia Vikander is Greengrass's solution to the hot model scientist from a Bay Transformer Flick. Its a ridiculous casting choice and it just undermines the plot of the whole movie. In a Bay film, it almost makes sense because the movie is inherently ridiculous. In a movie that takes itself as serious as this one though... its just bad. If you're a fan of the Bourne movies, go ahead and watch this. Just don't expect much.

Matt Damon returns as Jason Bourne in the fifth entry of the Bourne saga, which still entertains after some years off-screen. Though I still believe the Bourne Ultimatum is the best in the series, the movie still delivers with some action-packed sequences and thought- provoking characters. Directed by Paul Greengrass, who was also at the helm with Bourne Supremacy and Bourne Ultimatum, the movie is able to bring back some of things that made the original Bourne trilogy so good, in particular the incredibly awesome action pieces that are sprayed all throughout the film. It also showcases Paul's signature use of a shaky-camera, and though unconventional, proves to be useful in many situations. Almost a decade after the end of the Bourne Ultimatum, Bourne (Matt Damon) is still hiding, isolated from the world, where he only joins up in the occasional street-fight. But, his involvement begins when former contact of Bourne, Nicky Parsons (Julia Stiles), hacks into the CIA server in attempt to expose information. Files concerning the identity of Jason Bourne and how they attempt to take him down brings him out of hiding. The film boasts a stellar cast, which includes Matt Damon, Alicia Vikander, Tommy Lee Jones, and Vincent Cassel, all who of whom suited their characters well within the story. The story itself wasn't as intriguing as many of other Bourne films, as there were some minor plot-holes, but it didn't concern me that much. Its ability blends a decent plot with amazing action provides a fulfilling experience for the viewer, in particular, those who are fans of the series.

A somewhat lazily written fourth outing for Matt Damon as Bourne, which capitalises a little too much on his frowning face & troubled backstory rather than an actually refreshing sequel. He's still badass nonetheless, and that insane Las Vegas chase scene is truly magnificent.

The best Bourne movie ever. It is filled with action and continues the story. It was a great and fun movie. They fit it well together, even with the awesome final scene. It was a great movie.

this was good at first, i even bought it, but on second look..i hate the way that hot chick is in the government...i see enough hot chicks as it is anyway...they should have shown bourne doing more exhilarating things and being tested physically more **** cast was ok but the riot seen was **** seemed like he should have done more running and not motorcycle like just happened in legacy...i still should watch it one more time before reviewing but i just dont think i'll find anything to talk about ...i agree with damon when he first said the director took the money and ran...i feel like i could have done a better job with my cell phone...also i dont even understand what that indian was saying about his cell phone app or whatever...bourne should have punched him for being rich....also the gov could have just cloned him and taken his cell phone idea or whatever the hell it was within the first second of the movie.

While it's not as original anymore and emphasises on classic Bourne style and narrative may have dwindled some what this film uses that to its advantage and plays it out well by still offering what the fans expect in passable manner with no over the top writing and wrong moves and new characters to keep it steady

Matt Damon is back as Jason Bourne in the fifth installment in the series. Paul Greengrass brings his action and shaky cam to the big screen once again as Jason Bourne tries to dig up secrets of his past. Matt Damon is stellar in the movie along with Alicia Vikander. Along with "Mission Impossible" it seems like the series and Matt hasn't lost a step as the movie is just as good as the previous ones. The one downfall to the film is the side plot to Jason's. Revolving around "Social Media" and all its benefits and what not. But overall I am happy to say the fifth movie in the franchise lives up to the hype and action we have come accustom to.

Was Jason Bourne worth the wait? Not sure. After the failed attempt at a spin-off with Bourne Legacy, which had Jeremy Renner in the lead role, this instalment with Matt Damon back as the lead, suggests an effort at course correction for the franchise. Granted Damon reunites with Paul Greengrass who helmed the immensely successful sequels to Bourne Identity (2002) which was a grittier re-imaging of the softer James Bond franchise.Also the Bourne movie trademarks are there; quick-paced walks through streets as Bourne is followed by people who are out to get him, spectacular car chases, hand-to-hand combat, high-tech espionage. Tommy Lee Jones (as CIA Director) and Alicia Vikander (as CIA Head of Cybernetics) give good **** problem with Jason Bourne is that the plot line was not engaging enough, not helped by the long interval between the last entry in the franchise, Bourne Ultimatum (2007) and the current one (2016).

[SPOILER ALERT: This review contains spoilers.]

This movie doesn't make much sense to me. Hasn't Jason Bourne moved on from all this CIA stuff? Hasn't he dealt with the perps who abused him, killed those who needed to die, and started a new life? It's the same old Bourne Identity fistfights and unusual one-punch KOs and the omniscient Jason who can walk right past 100 secret agents and not get caught. That was doable the first time. And the second time. And not so much the third time. And definitely not the fourth time. Now for the 5th film...I'm tired of it. Nothing happens in this film. I'm not going to spoil it. But it would be easy to do by saying nothing happens that you haven't seen before.

Good movie. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[SPOILER ALERT: This review contains spoilers.]

Not as good as the first 3, but they were from books and this was from screenwriters. All the usual parts were there, car chase, bad CIA guy, killer on his tail, girlfriend from the past, flashbacks, etc.

I have always been a huge fan of the Bourne franchise! And this movie is really good .. the only Bourne movie that failed the franchise, in my opinion, was the Bourne Legacy which was below average. Loved this movie !

Jason Bourne reverts back to what made the originals a hit in the first place. An intriguing plot with a likable hero in entertaining, yet shaky, action sequences. And in my opinion it worked, it was a LOT better than The Bourne Legacy and a nice return to form for the series.

Perhaps it's just me, but I feel that the Bourne story line has been completely played out. Don't get me wrong, I enjoy cerebral films, but after this many sequels, I just don't think anyone really cares what else Bourne doesn't know about his life and who he was. If they are to continue pumping out these films, perhaps they would be better served by transforming the character into a James Bond of sorts.

Jason Bourne is the fourth outing of Robert Ludlum's amnesiac ex-assassin and it's by far the weakest in the (now) ongoing franchise. Matt Damon reprises his role, but is in effect playing a completely different character. Everything we've come to discover about him in the original 'trilogy' is jettisoned in favour of some completely unattached tale involving a whole new group of CIA spooks out to stop him. It's very 'by the book' writing, and suffers immensely by not having any defined references back to the man we know. OK the character of Nicky Parsons returns, but her role is solely to offer up this new character angle (and subsequent memories that weren't mentioned or referenced previously) regarding Bourne's father and his involvement in the original Treadstone Program that created the assassin Bourne would become. There's oblique references to Bourne's (aka David Webb's) rationale for joining up due to his father's death and him wanting to be a patriot... But it's merely offered up as filler inbetween the two narratives that flow as the film bumbles along. It wouldn't be so bad if the acting/direction were good, but they're not. We're in shaky-cam nirvana, not a single shot in the movie seems to be captured using a fixed camera. As for the acting, Damon's on auto-pilot, as are Tommy Lee Jones and recent Oscar winner Alicia Vikander (a bad piece of casting, as she's FAR too attractive to be an ambitious, young CIA uber-tech nerd!!), it seems to be nothing more than a guaranteed paycheque and I suspect in Damon's case... As he's also a producer... He's picking up a substantial financial reward for that too!! Throw in some terrible CGI effects on the long distance shots (nothing in the background looks real in those cityscapes) and a woeful score.... And you're left with merely another generic action/spy/cyber thriller. One to watch if it pops up on Netflix and you've run out of episodes of Westworld.

Been there done that, lots of holes in the story, I am pretty easily entertained but I could not get over some of these holes in the script. Acting was so sad it was nothing in it that was surprising , it just felt from the beginning to the end of the movie they're chasing after him ........chasing scenes after chasing scenes.....just boring. They should just quit while you're ahead and don't make anymore these movies

New officials, new operations at agency, but the same old Bourne! I thought the original films are meant to be a trilogy, but when filmmakers saw money, they went ahead with the fourth in a new direction. So now with this, it has returned to the original storyline. The Jason Bourne, whose quest to find the answers was over. Yet, a new chapter begins with this like another trilogy is on making like the 'Star Wars' with a new storyline and adventures. Still the theme remains the same, like running and chasing. So the story was just a one or two liner. But if you like the action sequences, this has got plenty of them to entertain you. That's should be a main reason, if you want to see it, other than that the film was average kind. Matt Damon's return for the title role was the best thing happened in here with the director of 'Supremecy' and 'Ultimatum'. I think Alicia Vikander's role is yet to exploit and that would be in the next two films. Looks like an interesting combo between her and Matt, so waiting for the official news. The same formula for this is what disappointing, though not a bad flick. After all, that's how we know Bourne series. So go for it if you are up to date with this franchise, because there's going to be at least another two films if my guess is right. 6/10

Can't watch camera shake abuse. Please stop use this technique. During intense action scenes is tollerable but while people are talnking or simply walking I don't think is necessary. Damn I really wanted to watch it.

Bourne is back after a nine-year break, but is that necessarily a good thing? Not that Damon and Greengrass’s return isn’t welcome – it most certainly is – but after the thrilling, pulsating and well-written original trilogy (The Bourne Identity, The Bourne Supremacy, The Bourne Ultimatum), this instalment feels like a money-grab, as it is not only unnecessary, but Bourne’s situation is actually made worse and he ends up in a worse position at the end than he was at the beginning (Nicky Parsons is dead and the CIA are after him once again). The film is also lacking in those small, clever moments in the original trilogy where Bourne might use his intelligence to set a trap for incoming CIA agents or throw assets off his trail. For instance, in The Bourne Supremacy, after killing a former Treadstone agent, Jason opens the gas connection and puts a magazine into the toaster, so that when the magazine catches fire, the house will explode. Or when in ‘Ultimatum’, he calls the local police and tells them he hears gunfire, so that when the CIA come for him, they will be intercepted by the cops. Such moments are not in Jason Bourne, which takes away what makes Jason Bourne Jason Bourne. I guess this is all part of the fact that Tony Gilroy has not come back to write the movie, which is the biggest problem. However, these cons aside, I thoroughly enjoyed the movie, and the performances were great. Matt Damon was as good as he’s ever been in a ‘Bourne’ movie, and Alicia Vikander was a good, strong new character who’s blank, expressionless face made her character difficult to read. Tommy Lee Jones delivered the good, no-nonsense type performance we’ve come to expect from ‘Bourne’ antagonists. Julia Stiles was good for how much of it she was in, before she was killed off in a reenactment of ‘Supremacy’s opening. Speaking of the opening, the section in Greece was an astonishing achievement for any action movie, with pulsating chase scenes and well-choreographed action. The only issue was there were literally arrows pointing the asset in Bourne’s direction, which slightly undermined the tension in those moments. Jason Bourne has some thrilling action sequences and the cast delivers strong performances, which proves that even a second-rate ‘Bourne’ movie is better than most action flicks nowadays.

As is normal for Hollywood, they won't won't let a franchise die until it's so bad, it's an embarrassment. This utter waste of celluloid isn't worth watching and for those who actually enjoyed and appreciated the first or third Bourne film, this is an insult. Don't let yourself be dragged into this pointless mess. It's also proof positive that actors and actresses have no morality at all when it comes to quality in film. Matt Damon, Alicia Vikander, Tommy Lee Jones and Vincent Cassel, you should all be ashamed. In order to maintain the status **** or even a great actor, you can't prostitute yourself. You are totally diminished by this crap.

So I like action movies. I have never seen a Jason bourne movie leading up to this one so I could not say if it was good compared to the other Jason bourne movies. I can say however that it was just an ok action movie. The acting is great but what kills this movie is tat it opens with a fantastic action set set in Greece. Then the movie has no idea where it is going after that. The action is there but not a good story. I have seen worse but i have also seen better action movies.

Matt Damon explodes back onto the screen as Jason Bourne in the fifth edition of the series, and one which is absolutely worthy of its original trilogy. If some of the intellect of the series has been sacrificed this time out, it is more than made up for with a ferocious amount of action and intensity only found in the Bourne collection. Without a doubt, your best option for an action film in 2016.

This movie should be called "CIA chases man". That's all it is. A minimal plot doesn't necessarily mean a bad film (think Fury Road) but this movie is soulless.

Even though I was sceptical about this as there have been plenty of Jason Bourne movies already and I think that should be it. It was actually quite a good movie and was fun to remember the old ones when watching. The all usual things are in here and in my opinion it was an okay movie, given that it is a sequel it actually ias quite decent, but I do hope it is the last one.

Such good action blurred by blur....such bad everything else. The action is on par with the other movies, but the camera is so inconsistent and shaky its often hard to follow . This is normally done to hid an actors inability to fight well but even at his age he is really in shape and a good fighter. However the story is horrible for some many reasons...forcing the dad into the plot to felted that , forced and changes a lot of the history in an attempt to give the character motivation , Just like what they did with the girl, the problem is its a girl who in all the past movies there was barely more then a minute or 2 of interaction between them , no friendship , no chemistry , just no motivation. Lets not even talk about the 50 or so GIANT plot holes and force feed answered treating audiences like idiots. Starting with a World class hacking facility with rerouted IPs and hardware capible of helping break into the CIA that doesnt even so much have a UPS , backup batteries or a generator....millions of dollars in **** not even a 5 minute back up power...... Then a flash Drive that literally says encrypted on it , a note book of plot objectives so clearly written out they might as well of just had a voice over with internal mono log explaining things step by step like we were 2 and A Dozen other character motivations that made no logical scene

Jason Bourne delivers the thrills and is highly entertaining.Although Matt Damon delivers the character very feel and the story was decent,the story does not vary much with the original Bourne. The story feels very repetitive.

The bourne movies has been addictive and starting from identity, supremary **** evr the lagacy was a bit **** 2016 bourne is abit impresive but still something is missing, till date i still watch identity, supremacy, and ultimatum, there is something missing

This was a messy entry to the series that dug up a story line that really wasn't needed. I liked the Bourne Legacy better and while Matt Damon makes a welcome return and does a fine job, he really didn't have much to work with here. Tommy Lee Jones was okay in such a predictable role. Vincent Cassel's asset didn't really measure up to previous henchmen. Alicia Vikander was practically redundant. The climatic car chase was too over the top and poorly filmed. The best thing about the movie was the way it explored the psyche of Bourne as a patriot that deep down maybe wants to be working for his government again. Hopefully the character and franchise get a better send off if another installment is made.

So-so movie. very mediocre. too many stamps. too stereotyped. nothing new. no intrigue. not cause tension. not quite true. previous series have been made much more interesting.

Despite bringing what everyone loves about Jason Bourne back to the big screen, Paul Greengrass and Matt Damon fail to deliver an entry to the franchise that matches the previous instalments. Early on in the film we see Bourne living off the grid, partaking in street fighting to keep himself sane, even allowing himself to receive a beating to combat his guilt, however this interesting direction for the character is short lived and soon he is thrust into the same old scenario we have seen before only this time for a rather contrived motivation. Typical screenplay tropes litter the script and at times the story feels muddied and ham-fisted. A sub-pot merges into the A-story without really feeling developed and characters suddenly have different rules of engagement depending on what best serves the story. Having said all that the action scenes are directed with perfection as you would expect, and the fight sequences are as realistic as ever. Damon Vs Cassel is the biggest draw and when they share the screen the outcome is explosive. A chase through the streets of Vegas is solid, although not up to previous film's final chases, and the opening Athens set piece is high octane stuff. The film is a solid action film but unfortunately holds no patch to the initial trilogy. It does wipe the floor with the Renner led spin-off but you can't help but feel this flawed entry was unneeded.